Perlindungan Konsumen di Marketplace E-Commerce Halal: Analisis Kasus Produk Halal Palsu dengan Sertifikasi Ilegal di Platform Online

Abstrak

The development of halal e-commerce marketplaces in Indonesia presents both opportunities and challenges in protecting Muslim consumers, particularly regarding the circulation of counterfeit halal cosmetic products with illegal certification. This phenomenon indicates a gap between halal product assurance regulations and the operational practices of digital platforms, which remain weak in verifying halal claims. This study aims to analyze the forms of violations related to counterfeit halal products in e-commerce marketplaces, their impact on Muslim consumers, and the responsibility of marketplaces as intermediaries in digital transactions. The research method employed is qualitative, using a library research approach through the analysis of relevant literature on consumer protection, halal certification, and the role of marketplaces in the halal e-commerce ecosystem. The results show that violations commonly occur through the use of fake halal logos, expired certificates, illegal certifications, and halal claims without official verification. These practices cause not only economic losses but also impact the religious, psychological, and trust aspects of Muslim consumers. This study also emphasizes that marketplaces cannot be positioned merely as neutral parties, considering their control over information systems, promotions, and product visibility. Therefore, strengthening marketplace accountability is necessary through the implementation of an integrated digital halal verification system, stricter internal platform policies, collaborative supervision with regulators, and increased consumer literacy. These findings are expected to contribute to strengthening consumer protection and fostering a more equitable and sustainable halal e-commerce ecosystem.